Discussion
Which measurement would distinguish PM from FM on a spectrum analyser?
Answer: A
Sweeping the message frequency and watching the bandwidth is decisive: PM scales in proportion, FM barely widens. Sideband spacing equals the message frequency in both. Carrier nulls occur in both, at indices determined differently. And total power is constant in both. Choosing a measurement that responds to the one asymmetry between the schemes, rather than to their many shared properties, is the essence of a good diagnostic. The parameter that varies and the parameter that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.
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