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The number of components of a system is the smallest number of independently variable constituents needed to express

  • A.the total mass of the system
  • B.the number of phases at equilibrium
  • C.the pressure and temperature of the system
  • D.the composition of every phase present

Answer: D

For water in all three states one component suffices, since ice, water and steam are all H\( _2 \)O. Where a chemical equilibrium links the species, that relation reduces the count below the number of substances present.

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