Discussion
Comparing a congruently melting compound with an incongruently melting one, the congruent compound
Answer: A
Correct answer: melts to a liquid of its own composition
That is what congruent means. An incongruently melting compound decomposes at the peritectic temperature into a solid and a liquid whose compositions differ from its own, so it never exists as a liquid of its own composition at all. Both types appear as maxima or as arrested features on the liquidus, but only the congruent one can be treated as a component in its own right.
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