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In the Spaulding classification, an item entering sterile tissue or the bloodstream is

  • A.exempt, needing only cleaning
  • B.critical, and must be sterilized
  • C.semicritical, needing high-level disinfection
  • D.noncritical, needing low-level disinfection

Answer: B

Risk of infection drives the requirement: a critical item such as a surgical instrument or an intravascular catheter bypasses every host barrier, so nothing short of sterilization will do. Semicritical items touch mucous membranes and noncritical items only intact skin.

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