Discussion
The antimicrobial activity of vancomycin is due to the ____________.
Answer: C
Vancomycin acts by the inhibition of cell wall synthesis.
Vancomycin, a glycopeptide, binds the D-alanyl-D-alanine end of the peptidoglycan precursor. The bulky drug blocks the transglycosylation and transpeptidation steps that build and cross-link the cell wall, so growing Gram-positive bacteria lyse. It is too large to cross the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria.
It does not inhibit nucleic acid synthesis (as rifampicin or the quinolones do), damage the cytoplasmic membrane (as polymyxins do) or affect DNA supercoiling (the target of quinolones acting on DNA gyrase).
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