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What does the term 'nitrogen fixation' mean ?

  • A.Conversion of nitrogen compounds into gaseous nitrogen
  • B.Conversion of ammonia into nitrates by the bacteria present in soil
  • C.Release of nitrogen present in dead organic matter back into soil
  • D.Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to a more usable form for living organisms

Answer: D

Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to a more usable form for living organisms.

Plants cannot use the nitrogen gas that makes up about 78% of air. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobium in the root nodules of legumes, some free-living soil bacteria and blue-green algae, and lightning convert it into compounds such as ammonia and nitrates that plants can absorb.

The other options are different steps of the nitrogen cycle: converting nitrogen compounds back into nitrogen gas is denitrification, converting ammonia into nitrates is nitrification, and releasing nitrogen from dead organic matter is ammonification by decomposers.

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