Discussion
When bacteria growing at 20°C are transferred to 40°C, they are most likely to synthesize membrane lipids with more :
Answer: B
They will make more long chain saturated fatty acids.
Bacteria keep their membranes at a workable fluidity by changing lipid composition, a response called homeoviscous adaptation. At a higher temperature the membrane becomes too fluid, so the cell shifts to fatty acids that pack more tightly: longer chains, which have more van der Waals contact, and saturated chains, which lack the kinks that cis double bonds introduce.
Short chains and unsaturated chains both increase fluidity, which is the adjustment made when cells are moved to a colder temperature, so the other three options run the wrong way.
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