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Match the geographic locations listed in Column 1 to the geodynamic features listed in Column 2.

Column 1Column 2
P. Icelandi. Triple junction
Q. Afarii. Plume-ridge interaction
R. Hawaiiiii. Subduction zone
S. Aleutian Islandsiv. Plume

  • A.P-i; Q-ii; R-iv; S-iii
  • B.P-ii; Q-i; R-iv; S-iii
  • C.P-ii; Q-i; R-iii; S-iv
  • D.P-ii; Q-iv; R-i; S-iii

Answer: B

The correct matching is P-ii; Q-i; R-iv; S-iii.

  • Iceland: a mantle plume sits beneath the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, so it is the classic case of plume-ridge interaction (ii).
  • Afar: the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and East African rifts meet there in a triple junction (i).
  • Hawaii: an intraplate hotspot chain over a plume in the middle of the Pacific plate (iv).
  • Aleutian Islands: an island arc above the subduction of the Pacific plate under the North American plate (iii).

Options pairing Iceland with the triple junction, Hawaii with subduction, or Afar with the plume all swap two of these settings.

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