Discussion
A significant improvement in health, sanitation and general awareness of disease in the mid 20th Century reduced :
Answer: D
The answer is Mortality and infant mortality rate.
After the Second World War, antibiotics, vaccination, malaria control with DDT, safer water and better sanitation spread quickly, especially in developing countries. Death rates fell steeply, and deaths of infants, who are most vulnerable to infectious disease, fell most of all. This sudden fall in mortality while birth rates stayed high drove the population explosion of the mid-twentieth century.
Fertility did not fall at once; it declined decades later. 'Only mortality' and 'only infant mortality' are each incomplete, since both fell together.
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