Discussion
World's population is growing Rapidly since the Industrial Revolution due to :
(a) Faster urbanisation
(b) Increased pace of migration
(c) Rapid decline in mortality
(d) Birth rates exceeding death rates
Select the correct alternative using the codes below :
Answer: B
The answer is (c) and (d): a rapid decline in mortality and birth rates exceeding death rates.
Since the Industrial Revolution, better food supply, sanitation, medicine and public health have sharply reduced death rates, while birth rates fell much more slowly. The resulting excess of births over deaths, natural increase, is what made world population grow so rapidly, as described by the demographic transition model.
Urbanisation and migration redistribute people between places but do not by themselves add to the world's total population, so options that include (a) or (b) are wrong, and (d) alone leaves out the fall in mortality that caused it.
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