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Which of the following law(s) is/are given by Ravenstein ?

(a) Each main current of migration produces a counter current
(b) Females predominate among short-term migrants
(c) Migration tends to be selective
(d) Magnitude of migration increases with the advancement of technology

Select the correct alternative using the codes below :

  • A.(a), (b) and (c)
  • B.(b), (c) and (d)
  • C.(a), (b) and (d)
  • D.(c) only

Answer: C

The laws given by Ravenstein are (a), (b) and (d).

E.G. Ravenstein, in his 'Laws of Migration' (1885 and 1889), stated that each main current of migration produces a compensating counter-current; that females predominate among short-distance migrants; and that the volume of migration increases as industry, commerce and the means of transport develop.

The idea that migration is selective, that migrants differ systematically in age, education and other traits from non-migrants, was formulated in Everett Lee's theory of migration (1966), not by Ravenstein, which is why the options with (c) are wrong.

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