Discussion
Assertion (A) : In the first stage of demographic transition, mortality remains high but fluctuating.
Reason (R) : Mortality rate fluctuates in response to epidemics and variable food supply in early stages of human history.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the Reason explains the Assertion.
In the first, high stationary stage of the demographic transition, both birth and death rates are high. The birth rate is fairly steady, but the death rate swings from year to year: it shoots up in years of epidemic, famine or war, and falls back in good years.
The Reason gives exactly why: with little medicine and an uncertain food supply, mortality responded directly to outbreaks of disease and to good or bad harvests. So the Reason explains why mortality was not only high but fluctuating, which rules out the options saying it does not explain the Assertion or that either is false.
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