Discussion
Who postulated the forces of diversification and unification for striking a balance in the regularities of shape and size of settlement ?
Answer: C
The forces were postulated by G. K. Zipf.
George Kingsley Zipf, in National Unity and Disunity (1941) and Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort (1949), argued that the size distribution of settlements reflects a balance between two opposing forces: a force of diversification, which scatters population into many small places close to resources, and a force of unification, which concentrates it into a few large centres to save the effort of moving goods. The balance produces his rank-size rule.
Homer Hoyt proposed the sector model of urban land use, Edward Ullman the multiple nuclei model with Harris, and Mark Jefferson the law of the primate city, so none of them framed these two forces.
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