Discussion
Which of the following is not an essential feature of the Constitution of India ?
Answer: C
The feature that is not part of the Constitution is specific Articles defining the powers, privileges and immunities of each House of Parliament and its committees.
Article 105 does not define these privileges. Clause (3) leaves them to be defined by Parliament by law and, until then, applies the privileges of the House of Commons as they stood at the commencement of the Constitution (after the 44th Amendment, as they stood before that Amendment came into force). Parliament has never codified them, so the Constitution contains no specific definition.
The other three are genuine features: the distribution of legislative powers through Article 246 and the Seventh Schedule, the Directive Principles declared 'fundamental in the governance of the country' by Article 37, and Article 141, which makes the law declared by the Supreme Court binding on all courts.
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