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The Mesoproterozoic rift-valleys, Mahandi and Pranhita-Godavari are equated with Lambert rift of Antarctica and Unita rift of North America is supposed to be indicative of :

  • A.Fragmentation of Columbia
  • B.Fragmentation of Pannotia
  • C.Fragmentation of East and West Gondwana
  • D.Collision of East & West Gondwana

Answer: A

They are taken as indicative of the Fragmentation of Columbia.

Columbia (also called Nuna) was the supercontinent assembled around 2.0-1.8 billion years ago, which broke up during the Mesoproterozoic, roughly 1.5-1.2 billion years ago. Rift valleys of Mesoproterozoic age that can be matched across India, Antarctica and North America fit that break-up.

The other options have the wrong ages. Pannotia existed briefly around 600-550 million years ago, the collision of East and West Gondwana belongs to the Pan-African events at about the same time, and the fragmentation of Gondwana took place in the Mesozoic. None of them is Mesoproterozoic.

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