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The sum of the probabilities of all elementary events of an experiment is p, then

  • A.0 < p < 1
  • B.0 ≤ p < 1
  • C.p = 1
  • D.p = 0

Answer: C

The elementary events of an experiment are mutually exclusive and between them cover every possible outcome, so their probabilities must account for the whole.

\[ p = 1 \]

This is the normalisation axiom of probability. Any set of assignments summing to less or more than 1 is not a valid probability distribution.

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