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Discussion

What do 'alternative frameworks' mean?

  • A.Textbook explanations of various physical phenomena
  • B.Ideas that differ from the formally accepted explanations of the concepts
  • C.Ideas presently held by scientists and social scientists
  • D.All ideas that are firmly held by children

Answer: B

Alternative frameworks are ideas that differ from the formally accepted explanations of the concepts.

Children come to class with their own ideas about the world, formed from everyday experience, such as 'heavier things fall faster' or 'plants get their food from the soil'. Researchers call these alternative frameworks or alternative conceptions. Teachers need to find out about them and help children reconstruct their ideas through experience and discussion.

They are not textbook explanations or the ideas held by scientists, and not every firmly held idea of children is an alternative framework; only those that differ from accepted explanations are.

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