Discussion
The bulk density of a grain lot is
Answer: B
Correct answer: Mass divided by the total volume, voids included
Bulk density treats the grain lot as though it were a single continuous material:
\[ \rho_b = \frac{m}{V_{\text{bulk}}} \]
where \( V_{\text{bulk}} \) is the volume the lot occupies in the container, air spaces and all. Mass over the volume of solid material alone is true density, and the two differ by exactly the porosity. Bulk density is the working figure for storage: it converts a bin volume directly into tonnes, and it is why the same wheat gives different test weights after settling or vibration.
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