Discussion
Which of the following best explains why bruising in fruit depends on handling time?
Answer: C
Correct answer: The material is viscoelastic
A viscoelastic material's response depends on the rate and duration of loading, not on the load alone. Held under a given force, it continues to deform with time - creep - so the same force applied for longer produces more permanent damage.
A purely elastic material would recover completely whatever the duration, so bruising could not depend on handling time at all. Specific heat and sphericity are thermal and geometric properties with no bearing on mechanical damage. It is the time dependence that makes handling speed, and the dwell time in a chute or on a grader, a design consideration in fruit lines.
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