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How is entailment related to satisfiability?

  • A.Premises entail a conclusion exactly when premises with its negation are unsatisfiable
  • B.Premises entail a conclusion exactly when both are satisfiable together
  • C.Entailment holds whenever the conclusion alone is satisfiable
  • D.Entailment and satisfiability are entirely unrelated notions

Answer: A

The refutation identity turns every entailment question into a satisfiability question, which is why resolution proves theorems by deriving a contradiction from the premises together with the negated goal. Joint satisfiability is a much weaker condition, and the conclusion's own satisfiability says nothing. Converting a question about all models into a question about the existence of one is what makes automated theorem proving practical. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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