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What is conjunctive normal form?

  • A.A disjunction of conjunctions of literals
  • B.A formula containing only conjunction and negation
  • C.A formula in which every variable appears exactly once
  • D.A conjunction of disjunctions of literals

Answer: D

CNF writes a sentence as a set of clauses, each a disjunction of literals, all of which must hold, and every propositional sentence has an equivalent in this form. Resolution and satisfiability solvers both require it. The disjunctive form is the dual, and the other options describe different restrictions. Converting to a canonical form so that a single uniform inference rule applies is the standard preparation for mechanical reasoning. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.

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