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What is a literal?

  • A.A constant symbol denoting a fixed object
  • B.A proposition symbol or its negation
  • C.A sentence containing no logical connectives
  • D.A clause consisting of a single symbol

Answer: B

Literals are the atoms from which clauses are built, being either a symbol or a negated symbol. A clause is a disjunction of them and a unit clause contains exactly one. Constant symbols belong to first order syntax. Precise vocabulary for the levels of structure, atom, literal, clause and formula, is what allows an algorithm to be described unambiguously.

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