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Why is the Herbrand theorem important for automated reasoning?

  • A.It shows that every first order sentence has a finite model
  • B.It provides a decision procedure for first order validity
  • C.It proves that resolution is complete for all logics
  • D.It reduces first order unsatisfiability to the propositional case

Answer: D

If a set of clauses is unsatisfiable, some finite set of ground instances is already unsatisfiable, so a prover may enumerate instances and use propositional methods. Finite models do not always exist, no decision procedure follows, and completeness of resolution is a separate result. Reducing an apparently infinite question to a finite one that can be found by enumeration is what turns semidecidability from an abstract statement into an actual algorithm.

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