Discussion
Engine-out yawing moment for four installations, each engine producing 100 kN.
| Installation | Arm from centreline (m) | Moment (kN m) |
|---|---|---|
| Rear fuselage | 2.6 | 260 |
| Underwing inboard | 6.0 | 600 |
| Underwing outboard | 11.5 | 1150 |
| Wing root buried | 3.2 | 320 |
Which installation imposes the greatest demand on the fin?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Underwing outboard
The moment column settles it: 1150 kN m at the outboard station against 600 inboard, 320 at the wing root and 260 at the rear fuselage. The fin must be sized for the worst case, so it is the outboard failure that governs.
The figures follow directly from moment being thrust times arm, and they show the range at stake - the outboard installation demands more than four times the fin authority of a rear-fuselage one. This is a large part of why four-engine aircraft carry proportionally big vertical tails.
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