Discussion
Which of the following is not a part of policy typology developed by Theodore Lowi ?
Answer: D
The policy type not in Lowi's typology is Patronage Policy.
Theodore Lowi argued that 'policy determines politics': the type of policy shapes the political conflict around it. In 1964 he distinguished distributive policies (benefits handed out to particular groups, such as subsidies and public works), regulatory policies (rules restricting behaviour) and redistributive policies (transfers between broad classes, such as progressive taxation). In 1972 he added constituent policies, which set up or reorganise the institutions of government itself.
Patronage, the distribution of jobs and favours for political support, is a practice of party politics. It is not one of Lowi's four categories, though some of what it describes falls under distributive policy.
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