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How is a pulse width modulated signal demodulated most simply?

  • A.By differentiating the pulse train and rectifying the result
  • B.By comparing each pulse against a locally generated ramp waveform
  • C.By counting the pulses that arrive in each frame interval
  • D.By low-pass filtering the pulse train

Answer: D

The average value of a width-modulated train is proportional to the modulation, so a low-pass filter recovers the signal directly - which is why the scheme is so popular in power control as well as communication. Differentiation extracts the edges, useful for conversion to position modulation. A ramp comparison is how the signal is generated rather than recovered. And counting pulses recovers nothing, since the rate is constant. The simplest demodulator is often just an average, if the encoding has put the information into one.

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