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What does the Poynting vector represent?

  • A.Power flow per unit area in an electromagnetic field
  • B.The direction of the electric field vector by itself
  • C.The stored energy density in the field
  • D.The impedance presented by the medium to a wave

Answer: A

The Poynting vector is the cross product of the electric and magnetic fields and gives the instantaneous power crossing unit area, in watts per square metre. Integrating its time average over a closed surface gives the radiated power, which is how radiation resistance is derived. It points in the direction of propagation, perpendicular to both fields. Energy density and intrinsic impedance are related quantities but are computed differently and mean different things.

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