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Why is a practical half wave dipole cut slightly shorter than half a wavelength?

  • A.To remove the inductive reactance and reach resonance
  • B.To reduce the radiation resistance to fifty ohms
  • C.To narrow the beamwidth in the horizontal plane
  • D.To raise the efficiency by reducing the conductor loss

Answer: A

At exactly half a wavelength the impedance is inductive, so shortening by around five per cent, more for a thick element, cancels the reactance and leaves a purely resistive feed. The resistance falls only slightly and certainly not to fifty ohms, the pattern is essentially unchanged over such a small adjustment, and conductor loss is negligible in either case. The shortening factor depends on the length to diameter ratio, which is why thick elements need more of it.

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