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What does the Viterbi algorithm compute?

  • A.The most likely state at each individual time step
  • B.The probability of the observation sequence occurring
  • C.The parameters of the model from an observation sequence
  • D.The single most likely sequence of hidden states

Answer: D

Viterbi finds the sequence maximising the joint probability, which is not the same as taking the most likely state at each step independently, since the latter may produce a sequence with zero probability of occurring. The forward algorithm gives the sequence probability and the Baum Welch algorithm estimates parameters. That a sequence of individually best choices need not be the best sequence is a general point about joint optimisation worth recognising.

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