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Why is the most likely sequence not the sequence of most likely states?

  • A.Transitions between individually likely states may be impossible
  • B.The two are always the same in a correctly specified model
  • C.The most likely states are computed from different evidence
  • D.The sequence probability is not defined for individual states

Answer: A

Each step's most likely state may be reachable only through a transition of very low or zero probability from its predecessor, so the assembled sequence may be impossible. Viterbi optimises the whole sequence jointly and avoids that. The two coincide only in special cases. Optimising a whole structure rather than its parts independently is a distinction that recurs throughout structured prediction and it is worth having a concrete example of.

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