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Which observation makes two otherwise unrelated causes dependent?

  • A.They lie on a path from the node to the rest of the network
  • B.They are needed to normalise the node's own conditional table
  • C.Their values must be known before the child can be sampled
  • D.Observing a shared child makes the parents dependent

Answer: D

A common effect couples its causes once it is observed, so knowing a co-parent's value then changes belief about the node. This is explaining away seen from the blanket's side. Path membership, normalisation and sampling order are different reasons and none of them produces the co-parents. Deriving the blanket from the explaining-away pattern is more durable than memorising the three-part list.

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