Discussion
Brain-mind identity theory is put forth by :
Answer: D
The brain-mind identity theory was put forth by J. J. C. Smart.
Smart's 'Sensations and Brain Processes' (1959), following U. T. Place, argued that sensations are identical with brain processes, in the way lightning is identical with an electrical discharge: a contingent identity discovered by science.
Descartes was a substance dualist, Spinoza held that mind and body are two attributes of one substance (dual-aspect monism), and Ryle in The Concept of Mind defended a logical behaviourism that criticised the 'ghost in the machine' without identifying mind with the brain.
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