Discussion
(P) despite the heavy rain
(Q) to reach the Summit
(R) the determined trekkers
(S) continued their journey
Answer: A
The keyed order is PRSQ: 'Despite the heavy rain, the determined trekkers continued their journey to reach the Summit.'
The sentence opens with the phrase P, 'despite the heavy rain', which sets the contrast. The subject R, 'the determined trekkers', follows, then the verb phrase S, 'continued their journey', and the infinitive of purpose Q, 'to reach the Summit', closes it. Each part attaches directly to the one before.
QSPR and QPSR begin with 'to reach the Summit', which cannot open a sentence of this kind. RPSQ ('The determined trekkers, despite the heavy rain, continued ... Summit') is also grammatical, with the concession phrase set inside the sentence, but the key prefers the order that puts the introductory phrase first, and PRSQ is the answer keyed.
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