Discussion

Match the following as per John W. Cresswell :

i. Outcome of the study, which the researcher is trying to explain	a. Independent variable
ii. Variables or factor which influence the outcome	b. Dependent variable
iii. Variable which also needs to be measured to ensure that only major factors influence the outcome, not any other	c. Confounding variable
iv. Variables which may influence the outcome but are not measured	d. Control variable

Answer: B

The correct matching is i-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c.

The outcome the researcher tries to explain is the dependent variable (b).
The factors that influence the outcome are independent variables (a).
A variable that is measured and held constant so that only the main factors influence the outcome is a control variable (d).
A variable that may influence the outcome but is not measured is a confounding variable (c).

The first code swaps the dependent and independent variables, and the others mismatch the control and confounding variables.

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