Discussion
In a longitudinal study, factors such as maturation changes, mortality would be considered threats to what ?
Answer: B
Maturation and mortality are threats to internal validity.
Internal validity is the degree to which changes in the dependent variable can be attributed to the treatment rather than to other causes. In a longitudinal study, participants grow and change naturally over time (maturation), and some drop out or are lost (experimental mortality, attrition), so the remaining group may differ from the original. Both offer alternative explanations for any change observed.
Significance is a statistical decision, instrumentation is itself another threat to internal validity, and reliability concerns the consistency of measurement.
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