Discussion
The varimax rotation shall result in :
Answer: B
Varimax rotation gives identical pattern and structure matrices.
Varimax is an orthogonal rotation: the factors stay uncorrelated, so the factor correlation (phi) matrix is the identity matrix. The pattern matrix holds the regression weights of variables on factors, and the structure matrix holds their correlations with factors; when the factors are uncorrelated the two are the same, so a single loading matrix is reported.
Different pattern and structure matrices, and a phi matrix that departs from identity, are results of an oblique rotation such as the promax rotation also used here. Higher-order factor analysis needs correlated first-order factors, which an orthogonal rotation does not give.
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