Discussion
Assertion (A): The F curve is the integral of the E curve.
Reason (R): A step input is the integral of a pulse input.
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason is the mathematics. \[ F(t) = \int_0^{t} E(s)\,\mathrm{d}s, \] and the relation holds because the system is linear in the tracer: a step is the integral of a pulse, so its response is the integral of the pulse response. That is why either experiment will do, and why the step test is often preferred in practice - integration is far kinder to noisy data than differentiation.
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