Discussion
Semiconductor strain gauges depend upon ................. for their action.
Answer: B
Semiconductor strain gauges depend on the piezo-resistive effect.
When silicon or germanium is strained, its band structure and carrier mobility change, so its resistivity changes. This change in resistivity is far larger than the purely geometric change in a metal-foil gauge, giving gauge factors of roughly 100 to 175 against about 2 for metal gauges. The resistance change is read in a Wheatstone bridge.
The piezoelectric effect generates a charge rather than changing resistance, and suits dynamic rather than static strain. Ferromagnetism is the basis of magnetostrictive sensors, and superconductivity plays no part in strain gauges.
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