Discussion
Strain gauge is a/an :
Answer: C
A strain gauge is a passive device that converts mechanical displacement into a change of resistance.
A strain gauge is a fine wire or foil grid bonded to a surface. When the surface is strained, the grid stretches or compresses, changing its length, cross-section and resistivity, and so its resistance; the gauge factor relates the fractional change in resistance to the strain.
It is passive because it generates no energy of its own: an external excitation, usually a Wheatstone bridge, is needed to turn the resistance change into a voltage. The options calling it active describe a self-generating transducer such as a thermocouple or piezoelectric crystal, and 'electrical displacement' is not what it senses.
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