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The complete quadratic combination rule is preferred to the square root of the sum of squares when modes

  • A.have identical mode shapes
  • B.are fewer than three in number
  • C.have closely spaced periods
  • D.are all of very long period

Answer: C

Correct answer: have closely spaced periods

The square root of the sum of squares rule assumes the modal peaks are statistically independent, which fails when two periods are close together, because those modes respond in a correlated way. The complete quadratic combination rule includes cross terms weighted by a correlation coefficient that grows as the periods approach each other, and it reduces to the simpler rule when they are well separated.

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