Discussion
In the heel slab and toe slab of a cantilever retaining wall, main reinforcement is provided at :
Answer: D
Main steel goes at the top in the heel slab and at the bottom in the toe slab.
The heel slab, under the retained earth, carries the heavy downward weight of the backfill, which exceeds the upward soil pressure beneath it. It bends as a cantilever from the stem with tension on its top face, so its main bars are placed at the top.
The toe slab, in front of the stem, has little load on it but receives the largest upward soil pressure. It bends upward as a cantilever, with tension on the bottom face, so its main bars are at the bottom. The other three options put the steel on the compression face of one or both slabs.
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