Discussion
For the design of retaining walls, the minimum factor of safety against 'overturning ' is taken as :
Answer: B
The minimum factor of safety against overturning is 1.5.
A retaining wall is checked so that the moment resisting overturning about the toe is comfortably larger than the moment of the earth pressure. IS 456:2000 (clause 20.1) requires the restoring moment, counting only 0.9 times the dead load, to be at least 1.4 times the overturning moment, which works out to about 1.4/0.9 = 1.55, and design texts take the minimum as 1.5.
2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 are more conservative values a designer may choose, but none is the minimum the question asks for.
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