Discussion
Assertion (A) : Gated enclaves symbolize the exclusive urban development in India.
Reason (R) : Only a few can afford to live in gated enclaves.
Answer: B
The key's answer is that both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
The assertion reflects the sociology of Indian cities: gated communities, with walls, guards and private amenities, symbolise an exclusive pattern of urban development that separates the affluent from the rest of the city. The reason is also true as a fact, since such housing is expensive and only a small section can afford it.
On the key's reading, affordability does not explain why gated enclaves symbolise exclusive development. Their symbolic meaning comes from the deliberate creation of segregated, privatised spaces, fears about security, the withdrawal of the middle class from public services, and the social distinction they confer. Many expensive things are not exclusionary in this way, so the cost alone is not the explanation, and option A is not the keyed choice.
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