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A seawall is chosen in preference to a groyne field where the objective is to

  • A.reduce the wave height reaching an offshore island
  • B.protect the land behind rather than to retain a beach
  • C.retain a beach rather than to protect the land behind
  • D.enclose a sheltered water area for vessels to berth

Answer: B

Correct answer: protect the land behind rather than to retain a beach

A seawall is a defence of the land: it forms a hard boundary that waves break against, protecting whatever lies behind it. It does nothing to keep sand or shingle in front of it, and often makes matters worse, since the reflected energy scours the toe. Retaining a beach is the groyne’s function, and enclosing sheltered water is the breakwater’s. Choosing between them begins with deciding which of those objectives actually matters at the frontage.

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