Discussion
A Carnot engine operates between 600 kelvin and 300 kelvin. What is its thermal efficiency?
Answer: D
Correct answer: 50 per cent
\[ \eta = 1 - \frac{T_C}{T_H} = 1 - \frac{300}{600} = 0.5 = 50\%. \] The temperatures must be absolute, which is why the result is clean here, and the efficiency can never reach 100 per cent because that would require a sink at absolute zero. Any figure above 100 per cent, as one option offers, would violate the first law before the second.
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