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Lost work in a process is best described as

  • A.the difference between the shaft work and the flow work
  • B.the work that would be required to restore the surroundings
  • C.the extra work a reversible process would have delivered
  • D.the work that is dissipated as heat inside the machine

Answer: C

Correct answer: the extra work a reversible process would have delivered

Lost work is the shortfall against the reversible ideal - the work a perfect process would have produced and this one did not, or the extra work this one consumed. It is not the same as the heat dissipated internally, though friction contributes to it, and it is the quantity a second-law analysis exists to locate.

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