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A coefficient of performance for a refrigerator can exceed one because

  • A.the second law simply does not apply to refrigerators
  • B.the compressor adds a great deal of energy to the refrigerant
  • C.heat is actually created inside the evaporator itself
  • D.it is a ratio of heat moved to work supplied

Answer: D

Work is used to move heat rather than to create it, so several units of heat can be pumped per unit of work. Calling it an efficiency invites the mistaken objection that it exceeds unity. Values between two and five are usual for domestic machines.

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