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The change over from laminar to turbulent flow during sedimentation by water at 20°C takes place at a critical Reynolds Number of around ...................

  • A.300
  • B.500
  • C.700
  • D.900

Answer: B

The changeover occurs at a critical Reynolds number of around 500.

The Reynolds number compares inertial to viscous forces, \(Re = \rho V L/\mu\). For flow in open channels, as in sediment transport, the flow is laminar below about 500 and becomes turbulent above it, with a transitional range above that. (For pipe flow, using diameter as the length scale, the familiar figure is about 2,000.)

300 is still in the laminar range, while 700 and 900 lie beyond the critical value usually quoted for open-channel flow.

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