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The combination \( 0.9DL \pm 1.5EL \) is included in the code chiefly to cover

  • A.wind acting together with earthquake on the same structure
  • B.cases where dead load relieves the earthquake effect, such as uplift
  • C.cases where the imposed load is at its greatest possible value
  • D.the situation immediately after construction is complete

Answer: B

Where the seismic effect tends to lift a footing or reverse a moment, counting on the full dead load would be unsafe, so it is reduced to nine tenths. The case frequently governs the design of foundations to shear walls and of bracing connections in tension.

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