Discussion
A fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall is a
Answer: B
Correct answer: normal fault
On a normal fault the hanging wall drops relative to the footwall, which lengthens the crust horizontally - so normal faulting is the signature of extension. The names come from mining: the hanging wall is the block above the inclined fault plane, the footwall the one below it, and a miner standing in the working would hang a lamp on the one and stand on the other.
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